Today i'm gonna show the strategy design pattern in action. The strategy design pattern is a very useful programming design pattern while dealing with mutable behaviors.
I'm assuming here you already know the concepts and i'll be focusing on practise. The example i will provide is a nice way to show it how it could looks like. You can always come back here, take it, adapt it and use it in your applictions as you may need. So be sure you bookmark it or join the group here on the right side of this post subscribing it.
First of all, let's take a look at the UML diagram of it. After that we will take the analogy for our example.
The UML diagram of the Strategy Pattern
Pay close attention, because once you understand that, everything will become clear and simple to understand. That's the reason I'm putting always the UML first. That way you'll get an eye for it with the time.
Defining the strategy
That's the part a like the most. Designing, taking decissions, doing analysis and design like you've learned in the past, but applying now in the practise. At this point, you should separate the 'inmutable' from the 'mutable' behaviors. In our case, this is the weapon behavior, that can vary acc. to the game stage we are. The imutable is the warrior which just references to the strategy.// 1. DEFINE THE STRATEGY
public interface WeaponBehavior {
void fire();
}
// 2. DEFINE THE WARRIOR AND USE
// THE MUTABLE BEHAVIORS
public abstract class Warrior {
// USE MUTABLE WEAPON BEHAVIORS
protected WeaponBehavior weapon;
public Warrior() {
super();
this.weapon = new DefaultWeapon();
}
public void setWeapon(WeaponBehavior weapon){
this.weapon=weapon;
}
public void fireWeapon(){
this.weapon.fire();
}
public abstract void fight();
}
The Warrior
The warrior can set weapons and fires it acc. to the used strategy. That's a very simple implementation.// 3. CREATE THE CONCRETE WARRIOR
public class MegaMan extends Warrior {
@Override
public void fight() {
fireWeapon();
// ... outros metodos de escudo, briga etc. aqui...
}
}
Weapons
That's the mutable behavior. The interesting part of it. Let's implement some weapon strategies.// 4. IMPLEMENT THE WEAPON BEHAVIORS
public class Bee implements WeaponBehavior {
@Override
public void fire() {
System.out.println("BEE ATACK!");
}
}
public class Scissors implements WeaponBehavior {
@Override
public void fire() {
System.out.println("SCISSORS ATACK!");
}
}
public class DefaultWeapon implements WeaponBehavior {
@Override
public void fire() {
System.out.println("DEFAULT ATTACK");
}
}
Testing it
Our client tests it. Pay attention that we do not change the inmutable warrior, only its weapon strategy.public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MegaMan megaMan = new MegaMan();
megaMan.fight();
// USING STRATEGIES
// FIRST WEAPON OF TYPE SCISSORS
megaMan.setWeapon(new Scissors());
megaMan.fight();
// CHANGING STRATEGIES
// SECOND WEAPON OF THE TIPE BEE
megaMan.setWeapon(new Bee());
megaMan.fight();
}
}
That's all! I hope you like it!
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